VHS
The Video Home System,[1] better known by its abbreviation VHS, is[2] a recording and playing standard developed by Victor Company of Japan, Limited (JVC) and launched in Europe and Asia in September 1975, and the United States in June 1976. By the 1990s, VHS became a standard format for consumer recording and viewing, after competing in a fierce format war with Sony's Betamax and, to much lesser extents, Philips' Video 2000, MCA's Laserdisc and RCA's Capacitance Electronic Disc.
VHS initially offered a longer playing time than the Betamax system, and it also had the advantage of a far less complex tape transport mechanism. Although VHS and Betamax were competing formats, several of VHS's critical technologies are licensed from Sony. Early VHS machines could rewind and fast forward the tape considerably faster than a Betamax VCR because they unthreaded the tape from the playback heads before commencing any high-speed winding. Most newer VHS machines do not perform this unthreading step, as head-tape contact is no longer an impediment to fast winding, owing to improved engineering.
DVD rentals surpassed VHS rentals in the US in 2003, surprising some industry officials.[3] By 2006, most major film studios stopped releasing new movie titles in VHS format, opting for DVD-only releases. Many leading retailers have stopped selling pre-recorded movies on VHS, although VHS pre-recorded cassettes are still popular with many collectors, mainly because there are thousands of titles that are still unavailable on DVD or other newer formats. In developing countries, the VHS is still a major medium to distribute home video. On December 23, 2008, the last major supplier of pre-recorded VHS tapes, Distribution Video Audio Inc. of Palm Harbor, Florida, shipped its final truckload.
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